Dengue in Singapore from 2004 to 2016: Cyclical Epidemic Patterns Dominated by Serotypes 1 and 2

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Jayanthi RajarethinamLee-Ching Ng

Abstract

Singapore has experienced periodic dengue epidemics despite maintaining a low Aedes house index. Each epidemic was associated with a switch in the predominant serotype. We investigated the temporal dynamics of dengue fever and dengue virus (DENV) and analyzed the epidemiological and entomological patterns of dengue in Singapore from 2004 to 2016. The case surveillance is based on a mandatory notification system that requires all medical practitioners to report clinically suspected and laboratory-confirmed cases. Circulating (DENV) serotypes are monitored through a virus surveillance program. Entomological surveillance involves inspections for larval breeding and monitoring of adults using gravitraps. Singapore experienced a similar epidemic pattern during 2004-2007 and 2013-2016. The pattern involved a 2-year DENV-1 epidemic occurring after a switch in the predominant serotype from DENV-2 to DENV-1, followed by a "lull" year. Thereafter, the predominant serotype switched back to DENV-2, tailed by a small-scale epidemic. Across the years, the highest incidence group was in the 25-44 years age group. The incidence rate of those aged ≥ 55 years was about half of that of the 15-24 years age group during DENV-1 predominant years. Ho...Continue Reading

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Jun 20, 2019·Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·Kiesha PremAlex R Cook
Mar 27, 2020·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Joshua NealonClarence C Tam
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Jan 21, 2022·PLoS Computational Biology·Janet OngJue Tao Lim

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

ArcGIS
Arcmap
myENV
R

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