Depicting the composition of gut microbiota in a population with varied ethnic origins but shared geography

Nature Medicine
Mélanie DeschasauxMax Nieuwdorp

Abstract

Trillions of microorganisms inhabit the human gut and are regarded as potential key factors for health1,2. Characteristics such as diet, lifestyle, or genetics can shape the composition of the gut microbiota2-6 and are usually shared by individuals from comparable ethnic origin. So far, most studies assessing how ethnicity relates to the intestinal microbiota compared small groups living at separate geographical locations7-10. Using fecal 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing in 2,084 participants of the Healthy Life in an Urban Setting (HELIUS) study11,12, we show that individuals living in the same city tend to share similar gut microbiota characteristics with others of their ethnic background. Ethnicity contributed to explain the interindividual dissimilarities in gut microbiota composition, with three main poles primarily characterized by operational taxonomic units (OTUs) classified as Prevotella (Moroccans, Turks, Ghanaians), Bacteroides (African Surinamese, South-Asian Surinamese), and Clostridiales (Dutch). The Dutch exhibited the greatest gut microbiota α-diversity and the South-Asian Surinamese the smallest, with corresponding enrichment or depletion in numerous OTUs. Ethnic differences in α-diversity and interindividual ...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
EGAD00001004106

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
electrophoresis
PCA

Software Mentioned

FastTree
R
PERMANOVA
mothur
envfit
vsearch
vegan
FastQC
Galaxy
HELIUS

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