PMID: 9433332Jan 20, 1998Paper

Depression and the course of coronary artery disease

The American Journal of Psychiatry
A H Glassman, P A Shapiro

Abstract

Literature and folk wisdom have long linked depression and death; however, only recently have scientific studies examined the relation between them. Beginning in the 1970s, investigators compared mortality among patients treated for major depression and the general population. Nine of ten studies found an increased mortality from cardiovascular disease among depressed patients. However, such studies confound the relation between depression and its treatment. Community surveys circumvent this difficulty, but as these studies began to appear, other investigations revealed the strong association between depression and cigarette smoking, which made obvious a need to control for smoking. The first study to do this appeared in 1993, and not only did a relation between depression and mortality persist, but a relation between depression and the development of ischemic disease was revealed. In the past 2 years, six more community surveys have followed populations initially free of disease, and five have observed an increased risk of ischemic heart disease among depressed persons. Another research strategy is to start with subjects who have preexisting cardiovascular disease. Here, too, depression has consistently been associated with a ...Continue Reading

Citations

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