Depression in Men and Women One Year Following Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): A TBI Model Systems Study

Frontiers in Psychology
Sarah LavoieLinda Isaac

Abstract

In the general population, females experience depression at significantly higher rates than males. Individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at substantially greater risk for depression compared to the overall population. Treatment of, and recovery from, TBI can be hindered by depression; comorbid TBI and depression can lead to adverse outcomes and negatively affect multiple aspects of individuals' lives. Gender differences in depression following TBI are not well understood, and relevant empirical findings have been mixed. Utilizing the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) 1 year after TBI, we examined whether women would experience more severe depressive symptoms, and would endorse higher levels of depression within each category of depression severity, than would men. Interestingly, and contrary to our hypothesis, men and women reported mild depression at equal rates; PHQ-9 total scores were slightly lower in women than in men. Men and women did not differ significantly in any PHQ-9 depression severity category. Item analyses, yielded significant gender differences on the following items: greater concentration difficulties (cognitive problems) in men and more sleep disturbances (psychosomatic issues) in women per u...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 23, 2019·Journal of Neurotrauma·Raeesa GupteJanna Harris
Feb 20, 2020·Military Medicine·Sandra M EscolasScot D Engel
Mar 2, 2021·Frontiers in Neurology·Anat Biegon
Mar 5, 2021·Reviews in the Neurosciences·Marc FakhouryNada Lawand
Mar 23, 2021·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience·Taylor A McCorkleRamesh Raghupathi
Aug 17, 2021·Frontiers in Neurology·Shariq Mansoor KhanJulie Holland
Aug 28, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Peng Sha, Xiaoyu Dong
Oct 24, 2018·Life Sciences·Morteza Kosari-NasabAli-Akbar Salari

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Brain Injury & Trauma

brain injury after impact to the head is due to both immediate mechanical effects and delayed responses of neural tissues.