Describing Total Population Health: A Review and Critique of Existing Units

Population Health Management
Avi BaehrBrendan G Carr

Abstract

Total population health is a key tenet of health care reform efforts, evident in initiatives such as the National Quality Strategy, shifts toward population-based payments, and community benefit requirements for tax-exempt hospitals. Representing total population health in a way that guides best practices and establishes shared accountability for geographic communities, however, remains a challenge in part because of differences in how stakeholders define populations. To better understand the landscape of potential denominators for population health, this study examined a selection of relevant geographic units. The approach included a comprehensive review of health services and public health research literature as well as recent pertinent health policy documents. Units were characterized based on whether they: exhibit "breadth" of coverage across the whole US population; are "accurate" or grounded in health care utilization patterns; are "actionable" with mechanisms for implementing funding and regulation; and promote "synergism" or effective coordination of public health and health care activities. Although other key components of a total population health unit may exist and no single identified unit possesses all of the afore...Continue Reading

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