Description, justification and clarification: a framework for classifying the purposes of research in medical education

Medical Education
David A CookHenk G Schmidt

Abstract

Authors have questioned the degree to which medical education research informs practice and advances the science of medical education. This study aims to propose a framework for classifying the purposes of education research and to quantify the frequencies of purposes among medical education experiments. We looked at articles published in 2003 and 2004 in Academic Medicine, Advances in Health Sciences Education, American Journal of Surgery, Journal of General Internal Medicine, Medical Education and Teaching and Learning in Medicine (1459 articles). From the 185 articles describing education experiments, a random sample of 110 was selected. The purpose of each study was classified as description ('What was done?'), justification ('Did it work?') or clarification ('Why or how did it work?'). Educational topics were identified inductively and each study was classified accordingly. Of the 105 articles suitable for review, 75 (72%) were justification studies, 17 (16%) were description studies, and 13 (12%) were clarification studies. Experimental studies of assessment methods (5/6, 83%) and interventions aimed at knowledge and attitudes (5/28, 18%) were more likely to be clarification studies than were studies addressing other educ...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Apr 23, 2008·Advances in Health Sciences Education : Theory and Practice·David A Cook, Thomas J Beckman
Jun 10, 2011·Advances in Health Sciences Education : Theory and Practice·Samuel EdelbringLars Owe Dahlgren
Jun 15, 2012·Advances in Health Sciences Education : Theory and Practice·David A Cook
Sep 19, 2012·Advances in Health Sciences Education : Theory and Practice·Anne Mette MorckeBerit Eika
Jul 10, 2008·Journal of General Internal Medicine·David A CookDiane B Wayne
Dec 14, 2011·Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia = Journal Canadien D'anesthésie·M Dylan BouldStanley J Hamstra
Jan 5, 2012·Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia = Journal Canadien D'anesthésie·Sylvain BoetScott Reeves
Dec 14, 2011·Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia = Journal Canadien D'anesthésie·Viren N NaikStanley J Hamstra
Feb 26, 2010·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·S Beth Bierer, Huiju Carrie Chen
Jun 4, 2010·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·Ruth-Marie E FincherRichard Schwartzstein
Nov 26, 2010·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·Larry D GruppenBrian Mavis
Jun 23, 2011·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·Lauren A MaggioSteven L Kanter
Jun 23, 2012·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·Simon Foster, Tanja Manser
Jun 29, 2013·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·David A CookRose Hatala
Jul 28, 2013·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·John M Harris, Huaping Sun
Aug 1, 2013·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·David A Cook, Colin P West
Apr 13, 2010·Simulation in Healthcare : Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare·David A Cook
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Sep 28, 2013·BMC Medical Education·Kalman A WinstonAlbert J J A Scherpbier
Oct 1, 2010·The Keio Journal of Medicine·David A Cook
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Apr 6, 2013·Advances in Health Sciences Education : Theory and Practice·Faizal A HajiJeffrey J H Cheung
May 29, 2013·Advances in Health Sciences Education : Theory and Practice·Rose HatalaRyan Brydges
Jul 31, 2013·Advances in Health Sciences Education : Theory and Practice·Matti AarnioEeva Pyörälä
Aug 22, 2014·Perspectives on Medical Education·Geoff Norman
Aug 29, 2014·Perspectives on Medical Education·Mary E W Dankbaar, Peter G M de Jong
Jun 14, 2014·Perspectives on Medical Education·C P M van der Vleuten, E W Driessen
Mar 19, 2014·Advances in Health Sciences Education : Theory and Practice·Tim DornanElizabeth Timmins
Mar 19, 2015·Medical Teacher·David A Cook, Rachel H Ellaway
May 30, 2015·Medical Teacher·Morris GordonMadalena Folque Patricio
Mar 7, 2014·Journal of Interprofessional Care·Sanjeev SockalingamBrian David Hodges
Nov 29, 2014·Journal of Interprofessional Care·Jill ThistlethwaiteSandra Carr
Dec 10, 2013·International Journal of Surgery·James BrewinBen Challacombe
Jun 26, 2012·Academic Radiology·Aine Marie Kelly
Aug 10, 2012·Advances in Surgery·Benjamin ZendejasDavid R Farley
Apr 10, 2012·Journal of Surgical Education·Aristithes G DoumourasChristopher M Hicks

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