Design and development of a hybrid macrophyte assisted vermifilter for the treatment of dairy wastewater: A statistical and kinetic modelling approach

The Science of the Total Environment
Kundan SamalPuspendu Bhunia

Abstract

Global urbanization, exponential increase in population and sophisticated life style of the present generation are the major causes leading to a rapid increase in water demand in recent years. In order to nullify this rising water demand, it's high time to reuse domestic as well as industrial effluent after providing suitable chemical/biological treatment. Macrophyte filter incorporated with earthworm is identified as one of the most economic system for the treatment purpose in developing countries. However, very few literatures and technical information are available to scale up the design and its easy operation. This paper aims to develop a hybrid system and assess its performance for the purification of dairy wastewater. In the present study, two stage macrophyte assisted vermifilters (MAVFs) have been designed. The 1st stage encompassed a vertical flow (VF) unit, and the 2nd stage contained a horizontal flow (HF) unit. Both the units were inoculated with earthworm Eisenia fetida and were planted with Canna indica. Box-Behnken model was applied to design the system and study the effect of various parameters. It was observed that hybrid MAVF system removed a maximum of 83.2% COD and 57.3% TN at HLR 0.6 m/d and an active layer...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 25, 2020·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·Archana SinghBalasubramani Ravindran
Aug 8, 2020·Water Environment Research : a Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation·Val S FrenkelWalter Z Tang
Sep 21, 2019·Journal of Environmental Management·Kundan SamalShivanshi Trivedi
Nov 11, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Montenegro-Rosero KarlaEspinoza-Montero Patricio

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