Designing optimal human-modified landscapes for forest biodiversity conservation

Ecology Letters
Víctor Arroyo-RodríguezTeja Tscharntke

Abstract

Agriculture and development transform forest ecosystems to human-modified landscapes. Decades of research in ecology have generated myriad concepts for the appropriate management of these landscapes. Yet, these concepts are often contradictory and apply at different spatial scales, making the design of biodiversity-friendly landscapes challenging. Here, we combine concepts with empirical support to design optimal landscape scenarios for forest-dwelling species. The supported concepts indicate that appropriately sized landscapes should contain ≥ 40% forest cover, although higher percentages are likely needed in the tropics. Forest cover should be configured with c. 10% in a very large forest patch, and the remaining 30% in many evenly dispersed smaller patches and semi-natural treed elements (e.g. vegetation corridors). Importantly, the patches should be embedded in a high-quality matrix. The proposed landscape scenarios represent an optimal compromise between delivery of goods and services to humans and preserving most forest wildlife, and can therefore guide forest preservation and restoration strategies.

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Citations

Feb 2, 2021·Ecology Letters·Cristina Banks-LeiteE J Milner-Gulland
Nov 2, 2020·Trends in Ecology & Evolution·Bo ZhangWei-Ming Ni
Feb 27, 2021·Scientific Reports·Elena BersacolaKimberley J Hockings
Mar 10, 2021·Trends in Ecology & Evolution·Bruno K C FilgueirasMarcelo Tabarelli
May 25, 2021·Trends in Ecology & Evolution·Fernando G Soley, Ivette Perfecto
Aug 29, 2021·Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·Lenore FahrigFelix May
Oct 16, 2021·Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America·Norma P Arce-PeñaEllen Andresen

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