Designs of Antigen Structure and Composition for Improved Protein-Based Vaccine Efficacy.

Frontiers in Immunology
Kyle SaylorChenming Zhang

Abstract

Today, vaccinologists have come to understand that the hallmark of any protective immune response is the antigen. However, it is not the whole antigen that dictates the immune response, but rather the various parts comprising the whole that are capable of influencing immunogenicity. Protein-based antigens hold particular importance within this structural approach to understanding immunity because, though different molecules can serve as antigens, only proteins are capable of inducing both cellular and humoral immunity. This fact, coupled with the versatility and customizability of proteins when considering vaccine design applications, makes protein-based vaccines (PBVs) one of today's most promising technologies for artificially inducing immunity. In this review, we follow the development of PBV technologies through time and discuss the antigen-specific receptors that are most critical to any immune response: pattern recognition receptors, B cell receptors, and T cell receptors. Knowledge of these receptors and their ligands has become exceptionally valuable in the field of vaccinology, where today it is possible to make drastic modifications to PBV structure, from primary to quaternary, in order to promote recognition of targe...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 15, 2020·Journal of Nanoparticle Research : an Interdisciplinary Forum for Nanoscale Science and Technology·Iago Dillion Lima Cavalcanti, Mariane Cajubá de Britto Lira Nogueira
Apr 30, 2021·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Elmira MohammadiShaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
Jul 24, 2020·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Tyson F BelzKim D Janda
Aug 25, 2021·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Narjes Noori GoodarziFarzad Badmasti

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
P03146

Methods Mentioned

BETA
in silico methods
glycosylation
protein folding
transgenic
genetic modification
blood draws
chemical modification

Software Mentioned

PyMOL

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