Destroyed by Slavery? Slavery and African American Family Formation Following Emancipation

Demography
Melinda C Miller

Abstract

This study introduces a new sample that links people and families across 1860, 1880, and 1900 census data to explore the intergenerational impact of slavery on black families in the United States. Slaveholding-the number of slaves owned by a single farmer or planter-is used as a proxy for experiences during slavery. Slave family structures varied systematically with slaveholding sizes. Enslaved children on smaller holdings were more likely to be members of single-parent or divided families. On larger holdings, however, children tended to reside in nuclear families. In 1880, a child whose mother had been on a farm with five slaves was 49 % more likely to live in a single-parent household than a child whose mother had been on a farm with 15 slaves. By 1900, slaveholding no longer had an impact. However, children whose parents lived in single-parent households were themselves more likely to live in single-parent households and to have been born outside marriage.

References

Feb 1, 1992·Demography·S H PrestonS P Morgan
Oct 4, 2008·Journal of Family History·Damian Alan Pargas
Jan 1, 2009·The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science·Sara McLanahan
Sep 29, 2012·Social Science Research·Robin S Högnäs, Marcia J Carlson

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