Detailed Balance of Thermalization Dynamics in Rydberg-Atom Quantum Simulators

Physical Review Letters
Hyosub KimJaewook Ahn

Abstract

Dynamics of large complex systems, such as relaxation towards equilibrium in classical statistical mechanics, often obeys a master equation that captures essential information from the complexities. Here, we find that thermalization of an isolated many-body quantum state can be described by a master equation. We observe sudden quench dynamics of quantum Ising-like models implemented in our quantum simulator, defect-free single-atom tweezers in conjunction with Rydberg-atom interaction. Saturation of their local observables, a thermalization signature, obeys a master equation experimentally constructed by monitoring the occupation probabilities of prequench states and imposing the principle of the detailed balance. Our experiment agrees with theories and demonstrates the detailed balance in a thermalization dynamics that does not require coupling to baths or postulated randomness.

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Citations

Jun 8, 2019·Physical Review Letters·Daniel Ohl de MelloGerhard Birkl
Sep 11, 2019·Physical Review. E·Jae Dong NohTakahiro Sagawa
Oct 9, 2018·Physical Review Letters·Harry LevineMikhail D Lukin
Jul 3, 2020·The Review of Scientific Instruments·Chuyang ShenMeng Khoon Tey
Feb 8, 2020·Physical Review Letters·Hanlae JoJaewook Ahn
Sep 11, 2019·Physical Review. E·Ricardo GutiérrezIgor Lesanovsky
May 21, 2019·Physical Review Letters·Jacob P CoveyManuel Endres
Mar 28, 2021·Optics Express·Haeun SunJaewook Ahn
Jul 9, 2021·Nature·Sepehr EbadiMikhail D Lukin
Jul 9, 2021·Nature·Pascal SchollAntoine Browaeys
Aug 7, 2021·Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal·Victor Mukherjee, Uma Divakaran

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