Detecting extra-ocular Chlamydia trachomatis in a trachoma-endemic community in Ethiopia: Identifying potential routes of transmission.

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
A R LastMatthew J Burton

Abstract

Trachoma elimination efforts are hampered by limited understanding of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) transmission routes. Here we aimed to detect Ct DNA at non-ocular sites and on eye-seeking flies. A population-based household survey was conducted in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Ocular and non-ocular (faces, hands, clothing, water containers and sleeping surfaces) swabs were collected from all individuals. Flies were caught from faces of children. Flies, ocular swabs and non-ocular swabs were tested for Ct by quantitative PCR. In total, 1220 individuals in 247 households were assessed. Active trachoma (trachomatous inflammation-follicular) and ocular Ct were detected in 10% and 2% of all-ages, and 21% and 3% of 1-9-year-olds, respectively. Ct was detected in 12% (95% CI:8-15%) of tested non-ocular swabs from ocular-positive households, but in none of the non-ocular swabs from ocular-negative households. Ct was detected on 24% (95% CI:18-32%) of flies from ocular-positive households and 3% (95% CI:1-6%) of flies from ocular-negative households. Ct DNA was detected on hands, faces and clothing of individuals living in ocular-positive households suggesting that this might be a route of transmission within Ct infected households. In addit...Continue Reading

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Nov 26, 2019·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Rebecca M FlueckigerAnthony W Solomon

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Citations

Aug 28, 2020·BMC Ophthalmology·Mesfin Wudu KassawWoldemichael Tadesse Bihonegn
Sep 15, 2021·Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases·Natalie BrewerWilmore Christopher Webley
Oct 30, 2021·Ophthalmic Epidemiology·Célia Landmann SzwarcwaldAnthony W Solomon

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
MDA

Software Mentioned

R Foundation
R
QuantStudio
OpenStreetMap
ArcGIS

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