Detection of Biomarkers of Periodontal Disease in Human Saliva Using Stabilized, Vertical Flow Immunoassays

ACS Sensors
Emma H YeeH D Sikes

Abstract

We report methods for stabilizing cellulose-based immunoassays and using this platform to analyze human saliva. Stabilization treatments of immunoassays for matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9, biomarkers of periodontal disease, were conducted and compared, revealing that anti-MMP-8 and -9 capture antibodies could be stabilized with the addition of a 5% trehalose solution to the test zones, followed by drying in a vacuum oven. After stabilization, the paper devices retained equivalent binding activity to that of freshly prepared tests for 14 days-a time frame that enables US-based clinical testing of this diagnostic assay. A saliva pretreatment method was developed to remove viscous elements without reducing the concentration or binding activity of dissolved proteins. Immunoassays were stored in ziplock bags containing desiccant, and used to detect nanomolar concentrations of MMP-9 in human saliva across the relevant clinical concentration range. These methods and findings facilitate rapid, affordable validation studies of this and other biomarkers that are found in saliva using vertical flow immunoassays.

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Citations

Jan 22, 2019·Lab on a Chip·Chung-An ChenChien-Fu Chen
May 14, 2019·Advanced Healthcare Materials·Nan JiangAli K Yetisen
Apr 1, 2020·Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics·Marília Afonso Rabelo BuzalafFernanda Navas Reis
Apr 15, 2021·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Lara P MurrayCharles R Mace
Apr 15, 2021·Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences·Christophe HirtzRui Vitorino
May 15, 2021·Analytical Chemistry·Jasmine Pramila DevadhasanFrederic Zenhausern
Jan 17, 2019·ACS Central Science·Dionysios C ChristodouleasParthena Chorti
Nov 26, 2021·ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering·Luciana d'AmoneFiorenzo G Omenetto

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