Detection of Chlamydophila caviae and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in horses with signs of rhinitis and conjunctivitis

Veterinary Microbiology
Wolfgang GaedeKonrad Sachse

Abstract

At a stud farm of Trakehner horses, all 33 foals of a birth cohort developed conjunctivitis and serous to muco-purulent rhinitis, and 7 older horses showed recurrent signs of conjunctivitis. Examination of nasal and conjunctival swabs by bacterial and cell culture, as well as real-time PCR, ArrayTube microarray analysis and DNA sequencing led to the identification of Chlamydophila (C.) caviae (first description in horses) and Streptococcus (S.) equi subsp. zooepidemicus. We presume a synergistic effect associated with these two agents by hypothesising that primary lesions were set by C. caviae and subsequently aggravated by Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. Indications supporting this assumption include (i) the conjunctivitis caused by mono-infection with C. caviae, (ii) recurrent clinical symptoms in the affected animals, and (iii) the absence of a sustained clinical effect of antibiotic therapy with trimethoprim-sulfonamide, enrofloxacin and amoxicillin. The detection of C. caviae in horses raises questions about the significance and natural host range of this agent.

References

Jan 1, 1978·Equine Veterinary Journal·A R Moorthy, P B Spradbrow
Jun 11, 1990·Nucleic Acids Research·A A de VriesW J Spaan
Nov 1, 1993·Journal of General Microbiology·C StoreyS Richmond
Jul 13, 2000·Veterinary Microbiology·K D Everett
Jun 5, 2003·Journal of Microbiological Methods·Konrad SachseHelmut Hotzel
Jan 18, 2005·Molecular and Cellular Probes·Konrad SachseRalf Ehricht
Dec 7, 2005·Molecular and Cellular Probes·Ralf EhrichtKonrad Sachse

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Citations

Jul 19, 2011·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Steen NordentoftKarl Pedersen
Sep 8, 2009·Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·Alexandra PantchevKonrad Sachse
Jul 10, 2018·Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases·Rebecca van GrootveldMark G J de Boer
May 30, 2019·Microorganisms·Heng Choon CheongWon Fen Wong

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