Detection of herpes viruses by multiplex and real-time polymerase chain reaction in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome

Respiration; International Review of Thoracic Diseases
Ryo TachikawaNorio Shimizu

Abstract

Human herpes viruses (HHVs) are important pathogens in acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Rapid and efficient diagnostic tools are needed to detect HHVs in the lung in ALI/ARDS patients. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of multiplex and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for detecting HHV reactivation in ALI/ARDS patients. Between August 2008 and July 2012, eighty-seven BALF samples were obtained from ALI/ARDS patients with unknown etiology and analyzed for HHVs. The types of HHVs in the BALF samples were determined using qualitative multiplex PCR followed by quantitative real-time PCR. Multiplex PCR identified herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) (n = 11), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (n = 16), cytomegalovirus (CMV) (n = 21), HHV type 6 (HHV-6) (n = 2), and HHV-7 (n = 1) genomic DNA in 35 (40%) of the BALF samples, including 14 (16%) samples containing 2 or 3 HHV types. CMV and EBV reactivation was rare in immunocompetent patients, whereas reactivation of HSV-1 was predominantly observed in intubated patients regardless of their immune status. Overall, HHVs were almost exclusively found in patients with immunosuppression or endotr...Continue Reading

Citations

May 8, 2015·Chest·Jessica A Palakshappa, Nuala J Meyer
Sep 12, 2014·Medical Microbiology and Immunology·Paula A SuazoPablo A González
May 4, 2016·Medical Microbiology and Immunology·Manuela BonizzoliAdriano Peris
Nov 11, 2018·Transplant Infectious Disease : an Official Journal of the Transplantation Society·Yumiko InuiHironobu Minami
Jan 25, 2019·Infectious Diseases·Erasmia RoukaSotirios G Zarogiannis
Nov 21, 2021·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·Jense WilsAnnette Schuermans

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