Detection of malaria sporozoites expelled during mosquito sugar feeding

Scientific Reports
V A BrugmanT Walker

Abstract

Malaria is a severe disease of global importance transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles. The ability to rapidly detect the presence of infectious mosquitoes able to transmit malaria is of vital importance for surveillance, control and elimination efforts. Current methods principally rely on large-scale mosquito collections followed by labour-intensive salivary gland dissections or enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) methods to detect sporozoites. Using forced salivation, we demonstrate here that Anopheles mosquitoes infected with Plasmodium expel sporozoites during sugar feeding. Expelled sporozoites can be detected on two sugar-soaked substrates, cotton wool and Whatman FTA cards, and sporozoite DNA is detectable using real-time PCR. These results demonstrate a simple and rapid methodology for detecting the presence of infectious mosquitoes with sporozoites and highlight potential laboratory applications for investigating mosquito-malaria interactions. Our results indicate that FTA cards could be used as a simple, effective and economical tool in enhancing field surveillance activities for malaria.

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Citations

Jun 21, 2019·Scientific Reports·Rafael Gutiérrez-LópezJordi Figuerola
Feb 17, 2021·PLoS Computational Biology·Isaac J StopardBen Lambert
Dec 29, 2020·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Mary M Cameron, Anita Ramesh
Aug 12, 2021·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·Madeleine J RogersCatherine A Gordon

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
dissections
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
imaging techniques
PCR

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism
LightCycler® 96

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