Detection of telomerase activity in exfoliated cells in urine from patients with bladder cancer

Journal of the National Cancer Institute
H KinoshitaO Yoshida

Abstract

Telomeres are specific structures located at the ends of chromosomes that help maintain chromosome stability. In most tissues, telomeres become shorter as cells divide, a phenomenon thought to be associated with limitations on normal cell proliferation. Almost all types of cancer cells, including bladder cancer cells, express the enzyme telomerase, which can maintain or extend telomere length. We examined telomerase activity in tumor specimens from a cohort of patients with bladder cancer and determined whether telomerase could be detected in exfoliated cancer cells present in urine from these patients. Spontaneously voided urine specimens and bladder-washing fluids (obtained by propelling normal saline into the bladder through a catheter and then withdrawing the liquid contents) were taken from 45 patients before they underwent surgery. Telomerase activity was examined by means of the TRAP (telomeric repeat amplification protocol) assay on extracts of tumor samples from 42 patients and extracts of exfoliated cells in urine and bladder-washing fluid from 42 and 43 patients, respectively. Standard cytologic examination (Pap staining) of urine specimens was also used to detect exfoliated cancer cells. Telomerase activity was foun...Continue Reading

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