Determinants of Anemia and Hemoglobin Concentration in Haitian School-Aged Children

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Lora L IannottiPatricia B Wolff

Abstract

Anemia diminishes oxygen transport in the body, resulting in potentially irreversible growth and developmental consequences for children. Limited evidence for determinants of anemia exists for school-aged children. We conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial in Haiti from 2012 to 2013 to test the efficacy of a fortified school snack. Children (N = 1,047) aged 3-13 years were followed longitudinally at three time points for hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations, anthropometry, and bioelectrical impedance measures. Dietary intakes, infectious disease morbidities, and socioeconomic and demographic factors were collected at baseline and endline. Longitudinal regression modeling with generalized least squares and logit models with random effects identified anemia risk factors beyond the intervention effect. At baseline, 70.6% of children were anemic and 2.6% were severely anemic. Stunting increased the odds of developing anemia (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-2.08) and severe anemia (adjusted OR: 2.47, 95% CI: 1.30-4.71). Parent-reported vitamin A supplementation and deworming were positively associated with Hb concentrations, whereas fever and poultry ownership showed a negative relationship with...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 23, 2015·Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse·Andrea L Stone, Shauna K Carlisle
Dec 19, 2017·Prehospital and Disaster Medicine·Annie DubeSusan Bartels
Aug 7, 2018·International Journal of Environmental Health Research·Zorimar Rivera-NúñezLora L Iannotti
Nov 22, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Chris Khulu, Shaun Ramroop

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