Determinants of immunization status among 12- to 23-month-old children in Indonesia (2008-2013): a multilevel analysis

BMC Public Health
HolipahYoshiki Kuroda

Abstract

Immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions to prevent children from contracting vaccine-preventable diseases. Indonesia launched the Expanded Program for Immunization (EPI) in 1977. However, immunization coverage remains far below the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) target of 80%. This study aims to investigate the determinants of complete immunization status among children aged 12-23 months in Indonesia. We used three waves of the Indonesian National Socioeconomic Survey (2008, 2011, and 2013) and national village censuses from the same years. Multilevel logistic regression was used to conduct the analysis. The number of immunized children increased from 47.48% in 2008 to 61.83% in 2013. The presence of health professionals, having an older mother, and having more educated mothers were associated with a higher probability of a child's receiving full immunization. Increasing the numbers of hospitals, village health posts, and health workers was positively associated with children receiving full immunization. The MOR (median odds ratio) showed that children's likelihood of receiving complete immunization varied significantly among...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 18, 2021·Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics·Alemnew Wale TegegneZinie Abita Mengie
May 21, 2021·Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health·Ayers Gilberth Ivano KalaijAhmad Fadhil Ilham

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