PMID: 9169899Jun 4, 1997Paper

Determination of deltoid fat pad thickness. Implications for needle length in adult immunization

JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association
G A PolandJ W Charboneau

Abstract

To measure deltoid fat pad thickness and determine the optimal needle length for deltoid intramuscular immunization in healthy adults. Prospective study of 220 healthy health care workers (126 women, 94 men) at the Mayo Medical Center, Rochester, Minn. Deltoid fat pad thickness determined by high-resolution ultrasound scanning, weight, height, and mid-deltoid arm circumference. We found a highly significant difference between women and men in deltoid fat pad thickness, with women having a thicker deltoid fat pad (11.7 vs 8.3 mm; P<.001). Women had a greater deltoid skin-fold thickness than men (34.7 vs 17.2 mm, P<.001) and an equal body mass index. According to the ultrasound findings, a standard 16-mm (5/8-in) needle would not have reached 5 mm into muscle in 17% (16/94) of men and 48.4% (61/126) of women in this study. Among healthy adults of the age range we studied, the following needle lengths appear to be appropriate for true deltoid intramuscular immunization: For men across the weight ranges we studied (59-118 kg), use of a 25-mm (1-in) needle would result in at least 5 mm of muscle penetration in all subjects. For women who weighed less than 60 kg, a 16-mm (5/8-in) needle would be sufficient to achieve muscle penetrati...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 5, 2012·Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research·Cc AzodoP Erhabor
Apr 12, 2014·Skeletal Radiology·Gokcan OkurLaurie M Lomasney
Sep 16, 2006·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Richard Kent Zimmerman
Feb 12, 2011·Journal of Pain Research·Dhaneshwar ShepHarish Padh
Aug 6, 2013·Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics·Million A Tegenge, Robert J Mitkus
Dec 31, 2004·The New England Journal of Medicine·Gregory A Poland, Robert M Jacobson
May 3, 2013·Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA·Stephan L Foster, McLisa V Davis
Apr 30, 1999·Mayo Clinic Proceedings·K C ReidG A Poland
Jul 17, 2007·Clinics in Geriatric Medicine·Kevin High
May 9, 2007·Journal of Advanced Nursing·Ayten ZaybakIsmet Eşer
Feb 24, 2006·European Journal of Radiology·V O ChanW C Torreggiani
Jul 15, 2015·Vaccine·Scott D PainterGregory A Poland
Feb 22, 2011·Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing·Dong-Won ChoiBum-Soo Kim
Oct 20, 2010·Vaccine·S AtanasoffR Johann-Liang
Aug 14, 2019·Korean journal of pediatrics·Yoowon Kwon, Su Jin Jeong

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.