Determination of the in vitro Sporulation Frequency of Clostridium difficile

Bio-protocol
Adrianne N Edwards, Shonna M McBride

Abstract

The anaerobic, gastrointestinal pathogen, Clostridium difficile, persists within the environment and spreads from host-to-host via its infectious form, the spore. To effectively study spore formation, the physical differentiation of vegetative cells from spores is required to determine the proportion of spores within a population of C. difficile. This protocol describes a method to accurately enumerate both viable vegetative cells and spores separately and subsequently calculate a sporulation frequency of a mixed C. difficile population from various in vitro growth conditions (Edwards et al., 2016b).

References

Jul 31, 2007·Journal of Microbiological Methods·John T HeapNigel P Minton
Feb 5, 2008·Journal of Bacteriology·Joseph A Sorg, Abraham L Sonenshein
Aug 31, 2010·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Trevor D LawleyGordon Dougan
May 23, 2012·Infection and Immunity·Laura J DeakinTrevor D Lawley
Aug 21, 2013·PLoS Genetics·Kelly A FimlaidAimee Shen
Oct 3, 2013·Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE·Adrianne N EdwardsShonna M McBride
May 13, 2014·Trends in Microbiology·Daniel Paredes-SabjaJoseph A Sorg
Jul 30, 2014·Infection and Immunity·Adrianne N EdwardsShonna M McBride
Feb 27, 2016·Molecular Microbiology·Adrianne N EdwardsShonna M McBride
Nov 12, 2016·Frontiers in Microbiology·Adrianne N EdwardsShonna M McBride

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Citations

Jan 20, 2018·Environmental Microbiology·Kathryn L NawrockiShonna M McBride
Oct 30, 2019·Journal of Bacteriology·Adrianne N EdwardsShonna M McBride
Dec 8, 2019·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Daniela Wetzel, Shonna M McBride
Mar 20, 2021·ACS Infectious Diseases·Joshua B JonesShonna M McBride
Dec 21, 2019·Microbiology Spectrum·Aimee ShenDaniel Paredes-Sabja
Dec 9, 2021·MSphere·Adrianne N EdwardsRita Tamayo

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