Determining the combined effect of the lymphatic valve leaflets and sinus on resistance to forward flow

Journal of Biomechanics
John T WilsonJames E Moore

Abstract

The lymphatic system is vital to a proper maintenance of fluid and solute homeostasis. Collecting lymphatics are composed of actively contracting tubular vessels segmented by bulbous sinus regions that encapsulate bi-leaflet check valves. Valve resistance to forward flow strongly influences pumping performance. However, because of the sub-millimeter size of the vessels with flow rates typically <1ml/h and pressures of a few cmH2O, resistance is difficult to measure experimentally. Using a newly defined idealized geometry, we employed an uncoupled approach where the solid leaflet deflections of the open valve were computed and lymph flow calculations were subsequently performed. We sought to understand: 1) the effect of sinus and leaflet size on the resulting deflections experienced by the valve leaflets and 2) the effects on valve resistance to forward flow of the fully open valve. For geometries with sinus-to-root diameter ratios >1.39, the average resistance to forward flow was 0.95×10(6)[g/(cm(4)s)]. Compared to the viscous pressure drop that would occur in a straight tube the same diameter as the upstream lymphangion, valve leaflets alone increase the pressure drop up to 35%. However, the presence of the sinus reduces visco...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 25, 2016·The Journal of Physiology·Joshua P ScallanMichael J Davis
Jul 28, 2017·Lymphatic Research and Biology·Sinéad T MorleyDavid T Newport
Feb 3, 2016·Journal of Biomedical Optics·Konstantinos N MargarisRichard A Black
Nov 7, 2018·Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering·John T WilsonJames E Moore
Jul 15, 2018·Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology·Christian Contarino, Eleuterio F Toro
May 29, 2018·Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology·Matthew BallardAlexander Alexeev
May 2, 2018·Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics·James E Moore, Christopher D Bertram
May 27, 2020·Biomicrofluidics·S ConnollyK McGourty
Feb 1, 2019·Processes·Kerri-Ann NortonAleksander S Popel
Oct 25, 2017·Journal of Biomechanics·Daniel J WatsonRaoul van Loon
Jul 19, 2021·Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology·Hallie ElichAaron L Fogelson
Aug 10, 2021·Journal of Fluid Mechanics·Ki Tae WolfAlexander Alexeev

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