Detrimental influence of contextual change on spacing effects in free recall

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
Peter P J L VerkoeijenHenk G Schmidt

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to determine the mechanism underlying the spacing effect in free-recall tasks. Participants were required to study a list containing once-presented words as well as massed and spaced repetitions. In both experiments, presentation background at repetition was manipulated. The results of Experiment 1 demonstrated that free recall was higher for massed items repeated in a different context than for massed items repeated in the same context, whereas free recall for spaced items was higher when repeated in the same context. Furthermore, a spacing effect was shown for words repeated in the same context, whereas an attenuated spacing effect was revealed for words repeated in a different context. These findings were replicated in Experiment 2 under a different presentation background manipulation. Both experiments seem to be most consistent with a model that combines the contextual variability and the study-phase retrieval mechanism to account for the spacing effect in free-recall tasks.

References

Nov 1, 1985·Memory & Cognition·D Dellarosa, L E Bourne
Aug 10, 2001·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·S M Smith, E Vela
Aug 20, 2002·Memory & Cognition·Thomas C ToppinoJessica Hackman
Nov 27, 2002·Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition·Lili Sahakyan, Colleen M Kelley
Mar 29, 2003·Memory & Cognition·Nicola MammarellaS E Avons
Oct 27, 1967·Science·A W Melton
Nov 1, 1976·Memory & Cognition·R J ChabotJ F Juola

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Apr 9, 2010·Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS·Daniel L Greenberg, Mieke Verfaellie
Sep 21, 2006·Psychological Science·James S AdelmanJosé F Quesada
May 25, 2010·Brain and Cognition·Bertram Opitz
Nov 26, 2015·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Brendan T JohnsMichael N Jones
Sep 22, 2015·Frontiers in Psychology·Laura VergaSonja A Kotz
Jul 13, 2014·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Sumarga H SuandaLaura L Namy
Oct 30, 2015·The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology : QJEP·Fabrice B R ParmentierAna Paula Soares
Sep 14, 2010·Journal of Memory and Language·Thomas T HillsLinda B Smith
Nov 3, 2016·Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition·Katherine E BercovitzMelody Wiseheart
Dec 22, 2017·Medical Teacher·Janeve DesyKevin McLaughlin
Dec 1, 2012·Psychological Science in the Public Interest : a Journal of the American Psychological Society·Stephan LewandowskyJohn Cook
Mar 12, 2010·Medical Teacher·Maitreyi RamanSylvain Coderre
Jul 6, 2017·Frontiers in Psychology·Christopher D Smith, Damian Scarf
Dec 13, 2019·The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology : QJEP·Brendan T JohnsMichael N Jones
Jul 27, 2018·Memory & Cognition·Geoffrey B MaddoxAubrey M Schonhoff

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.