Abstract
A method, incorporating recently improved reverse transcriptase-PCR primer/probe assays and including controls for detecting interferences in RNA recovery and analysis, was developed for the direct, culture-independent detection of genetic markers from FRNA coliphage genogroups I, II & IV in water samples. Results were obtained from an initial evaluation of the performance of this method in analyses of waste water, ambient surface water and stormwater drain and outfall samples from predominantly urban locations. The evaluation also included a comparison of the occurrence of the FRNA genetic markers with genetic markers from general and human-related bacterial fecal indicators determined by current or pending EPA-validated qPCR methods. Strong associations were observed between the occurrence of the putatively human related FRNA genogroup II marker and the densities of the bacterial markers in the stormwater drain and outfall samples. However fewer samples were positive for FRNA coliphage compared to either the general bacterial fecal indicator or the human-related bacterial fecal indicator markers particularly for ambient water samples. Together, these methods show promise as complementary tools for the identification of contam...Continue Reading
References
Feb 1, 1996·The Journal of Applied Bacteriology·J BeekwilderJ van Duin
Nov 7, 2003·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Dana ColeMark D Sobsey
Oct 7, 2004·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Jan VinjéSharon C Long
Sep 26, 2006·Journal of Virological Methods·Leslie Ogorzaly, Christophe Gantzer
Oct 17, 2006·Journal of Applied Microbiology·J Stewart-PullaroG I Scott
Dec 5, 2006·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Marek Kirs, David C Smith
Jul 24, 2007·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Jessica L NordstromAngelo DePaola
Feb 19, 2008·Journal of Virological Methods·Sandro WolfGail E Greening
Aug 28, 2009·Journal of Virology·Stephanie D FriedmanJan Vinjé
Jan 12, 2010·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Sandro WolfGail E Greening
Aug 24, 2010·Water Research·Jeffrey A SollerTimothy J Wade
Feb 16, 2011·Journal of Virological Methods·Stephanie D FriedmanFred J Genthner
Jun 22, 2011·Water Research·Elizabeth P SauerSandra L McLellan
Oct 13, 2011·Journal of Microbiological Methods·Mano SivaganesanRichard A Haugland
May 23, 2012·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Aourell MauffretMichèle Gourmelon
Jul 25, 2013·Water Research·Alexandria B BoehmStephen B Weisberg
Jul 28, 2013·Water Research·Valerie J HarwoodMelanie Wicki
Mar 13, 2014·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Hyatt C GreenOrin C Shanks
Jul 20, 2014·Journal of Microbiological Methods·Richard A HauglandMano Sivaganensan