Abstract
The prevalence of allergic and autoimmune conditions has been steadily increasing in wealthy nations over the past century. One hypothesis put forward to explain this is the Old Friends Hypothesis, which posits that increased hygiene, urbanization, and lifestyle changes have reduced our exposure to parasites and microbes that we co-evolved with, resulting in immune dysregulation. However, research in traditionally living populations, who are exposed to greater parasite and pathogen loads such as those encountered during our evolution, is limited, in part due to a lack of minimally invasive, field-friendly biomarkers of autoimmune disorders. We therefore developed an ELISA to assess positivity for thyroid peroxidase autoantibody (TPO-Ab), an indicator of autoimmune thyroid disease, based on dried blood spot (DBS) samples. We used the Accubind anti-thyroid peroxidase test system to screen our validation samples comprising matched fingerprick DBS, venous DBS, and plasma samples from 182 adults. After confirming that we had TPO-Ab-positive individuals in our validation sample (n = 12), we developed an indirect ELISA to measure TPO-Ab levels from one 3-mm DBS punch. The sensitivity and specificity of our assay for DBS samples ranged...Continue Reading
References
May 5, 1981·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·I R KupkeS Zeugner
Sep 1, 1996·Journal of Virological Methods·F NovelloF Gaglioppa
Sep 1, 1999·Clinical Endocrinology·N KnudsenH Perrild
Sep 13, 2001·Clinical and Laboratory Haematology·Z W YangZ Tang
Feb 12, 2002·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Joseph G HollowellLewis E Braverman
Dec 23, 2004·The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine·Lindsay F HofmanEdwin W Naylor
Mar 1, 2005·Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ·R BoydP Stuart
Dec 13, 2007·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Anita KondrashovaHeikki Hyöty
Feb 1, 2008·Demography·Thomas W McDadeJ Josh Snodgrass
Aug 15, 2009·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·Kanji KasagiYoichiro Izumi
Sep 1, 2006·Expert Review of Clinical Immunology·David Sinclair
Jul 7, 2011·American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council·Tara J CeponVadim G Krivoshapkin
Oct 17, 2013·American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council·Stephanie B LevyJames J Snodgrass
Jan 31, 2015·Human Reproduction Update·R VissenbergP H Bisschop
May 21, 2015·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Thomas StreckerStephan Becker
Feb 9, 2016·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·Rosaria M RuggeriSebastiano Gangemi
Jun 30, 2016·Perspectives in Public Health·Sally F BloomfieldPaul Turner
Sep 9, 2016·Hormone and Metabolic Research = Hormon- Und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones Et Métabolisme·M EhlersM Schott
Jan 11, 2017·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·Atieh AmouzegarFereidoun Azizi
Mar 25, 2017·Lancet·Layal ChakerRobin P Peeters
May 20, 2017·Biodemography and Social Biology·Geeta N EickJ Josh Snodgrass
May 26, 2017·Frontiers in Immunology·Eleonore Fröhlich, Richard Wahl
Mar 24, 2018·Nature Reviews. Endocrinology·Peter N TaylorOnyebuchi E Okosieme