Development of a questionnaire to assess dietary restrictions runners use to mitigate gastrointestinal symptoms

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
Jill A ParnellKelly Anne Erdman

Abstract

Exercise induced gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms can plague athletes, especially runners. Sport nutrition recommendations are nutrient rather than foods focused and do not adequately address strategies to reduce GI symptoms. The objective was to develop a valid and reliable questionnaire to evaluate pre-training and pre-racing voluntary food restrictions/choices, reasons for avoiding foods, and gastrointestinal symptoms in endurance runners. Validity testing occurred through four Registered Dietitians, three of whom possess Master's degrees, and a dietetic trainee who provided initial feedback. Additionally, one Registered Dietitian is a Board Certified Specialist in Sports Dietetics (CSSD), and another has an International Olympic Committee Diploma in Sports Nutrition. The second version was sent out to nine different experts who rated each question using a Likert scale and provided additional comments. For reliability testing, the questionnaire was administered to 39 participants in a test re-test format. Kappa statistics and the prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted kappa (PABAK) were used to assess the reliability. All questions had an average Likert scale rating of 4/5 or greater. All test re-test results falling under basic in...Continue Reading

References

Apr 1, 1996·Journal of Clinical Epidemiology·C A Lantz, E Nebenzahl
Jun 19, 2009·Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care·Erick Prado de Oliveira, Roberto Carlos Burini
Jun 11, 2011·Journal of Sports Sciences·Louise M BurkeAsker E Jeukendrup
Mar 14, 2012·Current Sports Medicine Reports·Jason J Waterman, Rahul Kapur
Apr 21, 2012·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Kim van WijckWim A Buurman
May 6, 2014·Sports Medicine·Erick Prado de OliveiraAsker Jeukendrup
Jun 6, 2014·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism·Dana LisJames Fell
Oct 15, 2014·Nutrients·Erick Prado de Oliveira, Roberto C Burini
Feb 27, 2015·Journal of Sports Sciences·Kristin Jean Stuempfle, Martin Dean Hoffman
Oct 30, 2016·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism·Dana LisJames Fell
Jul 5, 2016·Scandinavian Journal of Psychology·Zsuzsanna DömötörAttila Szabo
Jun 8, 2017·Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics·R J S CostaP R Gibson
Sep 12, 2017·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Dana M LisKiran D K Ahuja

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 12, 2020·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Jill A ParnellKelly Anne Erdman
Feb 13, 2021·Nutrients·Kelly Anne ErdmanJill A Parnell
May 29, 2021·Nutrition & Dietetics : the Journal of the Dietitians Association of Australia·Rachel ScrivinGary Slater

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Software Mentioned

MEAL
SPSS
STATA
SNACK

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.