Development of botulinum toxin therapy

Dermatologic Clinics
A B Scott

Abstract

Justinius Kerner collected data on 230 cases of botulism in the 1820s, suggested the therapeutic use of toxin, and gave a remarkably complete and accurate description of clinical botulism: its symptoms, time course, and the physical findings that the tear fluid disappears, the skin is dry, the eye, gut, and somatic muscles are paralyzed, and mucus and saliva secretion is suppressed. These effects are the clinical targets of botulinum therapy today. Inspired by Drachman's use of toxin to safely paralyze the hind limb in chicks, we worked out the procedures for its safe medical application and licensure from 1972 to 1989, applying it first to correct strabismus, blepharospasm, leg muscle spasm, and torticollis. This list is now extended by others to well over 100 uses. For many years, blepharospasm patients returning for injection around the eyes and upper face would mention as a joke that they were "back to get the wrinkles out." Working in aesthetic dermatology and ophthalmology, Alistair and Jean Carruthers could envision the intentional cosmetic application of botulinum toxin, probably its greatest single use today.

References


❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Apr 27, 2007·Journal of Neural Transmission·F J Erbguth
Aug 6, 2009·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Baskaran ThyagarajanJoseph J McArdle
Dec 12, 2007·Infection and Immunity·Michael R BaldwinJoseph T Barbieri
Apr 11, 2013·Nephro-urology Monthly·Malene RohrstedPer Bagi
Jan 11, 2007·Survey of Ophthalmology·Jonathan J Dutton, Amy M Fowler
Jan 20, 2011·The International Journal of Neuroscience·Andy Pickett, Raymond L Rosales
Dec 30, 2014·The Saudi Dental Journal·Ahmad AlshadwiTimothy Osborn
Jul 12, 2018·Current Opinion in Ophthalmology·Adel H Alsuhaibani, Shaikha Al Eid
Aug 26, 2006·Current Opinion in Ophthalmology·Eric R Crouch
Jun 23, 2005·International Ophthalmology Clinics·Geva E Mannor
Sep 1, 2007·Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy : Official Publication of the European Society for Laser Dermatology·Jean Carruthers, Alastair Carruthers
Apr 5, 2014·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Cuiping LiPankaj Jay Pasricha
Feb 1, 2010·Continuum : Lifelong Learning in Neurology·David Charles, Chandler E Gill
Jun 11, 2019·Seminars in Ophthalmology·Anna G Escuder, David G Hunter
Nov 21, 2007·Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy : Official Publication of the European Society for Laser Dermatology·Nicholas J Lowe
Nov 15, 2008·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume·Thorsten M SeylerL Andrew Koman
Sep 20, 2016·Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Tae-Geon Kwon
Sep 13, 2020·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Jungtae NaBeom Joon Kim

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Botulism (ASM)

Botulism is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin that is produced by the bacterium clostridium botulinum. Discover the latest research on botulism here.

Botulism

Botulism is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin that is produced by the bacterium clostridium botulinum. Discover the latest research on botulism here.

Related Papers

Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society
R EleopraC Montecucco
Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]
Timothy Corcoran Flynn, Robert E Clark
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved