Development of cardiovascular risk factors from ages 8 to 18 in Project HeartBeat! Study design and patterns of change in plasma total cholesterol concentration

Circulation
Darwin R LabartheS Dai

Abstract

Project HeartBeat! is a longitudinal study of the development of cardiovascular risk factors as growth processes. Patterns of serial change, or trajectories, from ages 8 to 18 years for plasma total cholesterol concentration (TC) and percent body fat illustrate the design and synthetic cohort approach of the study. Six hundred seventy-eight children (49.1% female, 20.1% black) entered the study at ages 8, 11, and 14 years and were followed up with examinations every 4 months for < or = 4 years. Multilevel analysis demonstrated trajectories for population mean values of TC and percent body fat in sex-specific synthetic cohorts from ages 8 to 18 years. Polyphasic patterns of change in TC were confirmed, with notable sex differences in age patterns and with minimum mean values of TC of 3.85 mmol/L for females and 3.59 for males. As illustrated by data for males, the approximate 75th percentile values of mean TC ranged from 4.78 mmol/L at its early peak to 4.06 at its late-teen nadir. Percent body fat exhibited a trajectory closely parallel with that for TC only for males and appeared to be unrelated for females. The polyphasic trajectory for TC from ages 8 to 18 years differs between females and males, indicates marked age variati...Continue Reading

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