Development of LepReact, a defined skin test for paucibacillary leprosy and low-level M. leprae infection

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Malcolm S DuthieSteven G Reed

Abstract

The persistence of new leprosy cases in endemic areas such as India, Brazil, Bangladesh, and the Philippines has encouraged studies of chemoprophylaxis among contacts of patients. Epidemiological screening tools to enable early detection of infected individuals in endemic populations would be critical to target individuals most in need of intervention. Despite decades of attempts, however, there still are no tests available for the early detection of low-level infection with Mycobacterium leprae. In this report, we describe the development of a leprosy skin test using M. leprae-specific antigens. We selected the chimeric LID-1 fusion protein, formulated to achieve maximum performance at a minimal dose, as a skin test candidate based on its ability to elicit delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions in M. leprae immune guinea pigs in a sensitive and specific manner, i.e., with no cross-reactivity observed with other mycobacterial species. Importantly, evaluations in armadillos indicated that intradermal inoculation of formulated LID-1 could distinguish uninfected from M. leprae-infected animals manifesting with symptoms distinctly similar to the PB presentation of patients. Together, our data provide strong proof-of-concept ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 5, 2021·Immunological Reviews·Linda B Adams

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
electrophoresis
enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
ELISA

Software Mentioned

Prism
GraphPad

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