Development of membrane interactions between brain endothelial cells and astrocytes in vitro

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience
J H Tao-Cheng, M W Brightman

Abstract

To ascertain whether there is a mutual influence on the structure of their cell membranes, brain endothelial cells and their closest neighbor, astrocytes, were grown alone or together in vitro and freeze-fractured. When cultured separately, the brain endothelial cells had a low frequency of short, fragmented tight junctions. Many gap junctions, which are absent from mature brain capillaries in vivo, intercalated among the tight junctional strands, or were separate from them. The separately cultured astrocytes had low concentrations of randomly distributed assemblies (1-30/micron2) in their membranes. When the two cell types were co-cultured, the endothelial tight junctions were greatly enhanced in frequency, length, width and complexity, and the gap junctional area enclosed by the tight junctional strands were markedly reduced. Thus, the in vitro endothelial junctional complex resembled their in vivo counterpart, the tight junctions of brain capillaries, when co-cultured with astrocytes. Reciprocally, brain endothelial cells induced the astrocytic membrane assemblies to increase in concentrations by approximately 5 fold, and sometimes to form aggregates with very high concentrations (400/micron 2) which approached the concentra...Continue Reading

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