Development of Prefrontal Cortical Connectivity and the Enduring Effect of Learned Value on Cognitive Control

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Juliet Y DavidowLeah H Somerville

Abstract

Inhibitory control, the capacity to suppress an inappropriate response, is a process employed for guiding action selection in the service of goal-directed behavior. Under neutral circumstances, inhibitory control success improves from childhood to adulthood and has been associated with developmental shifts in functional activation and connectivity of the PFC. However, the ability to exercise inhibitory control is challenged in certain contexts by including appetitive cues, a phenomenon that may be particularly pronounced in youths. Here, we examine the magnitude and temporal persistence of learned value's influence on inhibitory control in a cross-sectional sample of 8- to 25-year-olds. Participants first underwent conditioning of a motor approach response to two initially neutral cues, with one cue reinforced with monetary reward and the other with no monetary outcome. Subsequently, during fMRI, participants reencountered these cues as no-go targets in a nonreinforced go/no-go paradigm. Although the influence of learned value increasingly disrupted inhibitory control with increasing age, in young adults this pattern remitted over the course of the task, whereas during adolescence the impairing effect of reward history persiste...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 17, 2020·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Kristin N MeyerJoseph B Hopfinger
May 8, 2020·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Nicholas A HubbardJohn D E Gabrieli
Oct 13, 2020·Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience·Anaïs M Rodriguez-ThompsonMargaret A Sheridan
May 14, 2021·Human Brain Mapping·Charlotte PschererChristian Beste
Oct 17, 2021·Child Development·Florian Bolenz, Ben Eppinger

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