PMID: 8948144Sep 1, 1996Paper

Developmental aspects of the interaction between the controls of heart rate and respiratory rhythm--linear and nonlinear components of diverse activity states in childhood

Bratislavské lekárske listy
E SchubertA Patzak

Abstract

Heart beat and respiration are rhythmical phenomena with separate intrinsic frequencies which necessarily have to be effectively tuned by a network of interactive processes. Their linear and nonlinear components may ripen in different ways during childhood thus leading to unstable transitions or risk of dangerous events. This study investigates the development from newborns to children mainly between sleep and wakefulness. 42 healthy untrained children underwent a 24 hours monitoring of ECG, respiration, actogram, and EOG. Linear parameters such as respiratory rate, heart period duration (HPD), total and high frequency spectral power (TP, HFP), low/high frequency power quotient (LF/HF) and coherence were calculated in wake state, REM- and non-REM sleep. The largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE) was evaluated as nonlinear parameter and proved by the surrogate data method. The childrendata were compared to newborndata at days 1 and 180. In wake children, all values except TP differ from that in non-REM and except LLE from that in REM. All linear parameters differ between REM and non-REM. Similar differences exist for quiet to active sleep in newborns at day 1. At day 180 only LF/HF and coherence differ. Development from day 1 to 180 ex...Continue Reading

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