Developmental changes in the shape of the supralaryngeal vocal tract in chimpanzees

American Journal of Physical Anthropology
Takeshi Nishimura

Abstract

The hyoid bone and larynx in human neonates are positioned as high as in other mammals. However, during postnatal life, they descend relative to the hard palate more rapidly compared with the horizontal growth of the oral cavity. This process is completed through the descent of the laryngeal skeleton relative to the hyoid, and through the descent of the hyoid relative to the cranial base. Thus, the human supralaryngeal vocal tract (SVT) develops to form a two-tube configuration with equally long horizontal and vertical parts. Longitudinal studies on living chimpanzee infants show that the descent of the larynx is more rapid than the horizontal growth of the oral cavity. This is primarily attributed to the descent of their larynges relative to the hyoid bone, but this is not accompanied by the descent of the hyoid. The present study, using embalmed specimens of chimpanzees, also shows that the horizontal and vertical parts of the SVT grow in chimpanzees similarly to humans during infancy. However, in chimpanzees, the horizontal part of the SVT grows greatly, whereas the vertical part of the SVT grows only slightly during the juvenile period. As a result, the chimpanzee larynx does not descend rapidly relative to the oral elongat...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 23, 2011·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Anna BarneyJames Steele
Dec 9, 2008·American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics·Eung-Kwon PaeNeal Garrett
May 30, 2006·Journal of Human Evolution·Takeshi NishimuraTetsuro Matsuzawa
Jul 1, 2015·Behavioural Neurology·Alfredo Ardila
Oct 27, 2007·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Takeshi NishimuraToshimitsu Takahashi
Mar 7, 2020·Nature Communications·David GokhmanLiran Carmel

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