Developmental segregation of spinal networks driving axial- and hindlimb-based locomotion in metamorphosing Xenopus laevis

The Journal of Physiology
Denis CombesKeith T Sillar

Abstract

Amphibian metamorphosis includes a complete reorganization of an organism's locomotory system from axial-based swimming in larvae to limbed propulsion in the young adult. At critical stages during this behavioural switch, larval and adult motor systems operate in the same animal, commensurate with a gradual and dynamic reconfiguration of spinal locomotor circuitry. To study this plasticity, we have developed isolated preparations of the spinal cord and brainstem from pre- to post-metamorphic stages of the amphibian Xenopus laevis, in which spinal motor output patterns expressed spontaneously or in the presence of NMDA correlate with locomotor behaviour in the freely swimming animal. Extracellular ventral root recordings along the spinal cord of pre-metamorphic tadpoles revealed motor output corresponding to larval axial swimming, whereas postmetamorphic animals expressed motor patterns appropriate for bilaterally synchronous hindlimb flexion-extension kicks. However, in vitro recordings from metamorphic climax stages, with the tail and the limbs both functional, revealed two distinct motor patterns that could occur either independently or simultaneously, albeit at very different frequencies. Activity at 0.5-1 Hz in lumbar ventr...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 23, 2009·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Martyn Goulding
Jun 20, 2008·Journal of Neurophysiology·Vatsala Thirumalai, Hollis T Cline
Jul 21, 2009·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Keith T Sillar, R Meldrum Robertson
Jun 27, 2014·Current Opinion in Neurobiology·Keith T SillarJohn Simmers
Oct 1, 2015·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Francisco J López-MurciaArtur Llobet
Nov 10, 2009·Current Opinion in Neurobiology·Sten Grillner, Thomas M Jessell
Jul 17, 2007·Journal of Physiology, Paris·Aude RauscentDenis Combes
Jun 12, 2010·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Joseph R Fetcho, David L McLean
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Mar 28, 2008·Current Biology : CB·Denis CombesHans Straka
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Feb 27, 2018·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Céline Jean-Xavier, Marie-Claude Perreault
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Aug 28, 2021·Current Opinion in Neurobiology·Sten Grillner

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