Developmental status of human immunodeficiency virus-exposed uninfected premature infants compared with premature infants who are human immunodeficiency virus unexposed and uninfected

The South African Journal of Physiotherapy
Charne CoxSamantha Rosie

Abstract

There is growing concern about the developmental outcome of infants exposed to HIV in utero. HIV-infected women are at greater risk of premature delivery which poses a further developmental risk factor. To determine whether there is a difference between the development of premature infants born at 28-37 weeks gestational age that are HIV exposed but uninfected (HEU) compared with HIV-unexposed uninfected infants (HUU). A cross-sectional study was conducted in a Johannesburg state hospital. Thirty HEU and 30 HUU infants, aged between 16 days and six months, were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III. The two groups were well matched for gestational age and birth weight; however, more HUU infants presented with neonatal complications. HUU infants had lower developmental scores than HEU infants in the language (p = 0.003) and motor (p = 0.037) subscales. Expressive language was more affected in the HUU infants (p = 0.001), and fine (p = 0.001) and gross motor (p = 0.03) were affected as well. HUU infants with neonatal complications such as meningitis (p = 0.02) and neonatal jaundice (NNJ) (p = 0.01) are more likely to present with language and motor delay. Meningitis and NNJ have more impact on inf...Continue Reading

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