Developmental toxicity of benzotriazole in the protochordate Ciona intestinalis (Chordata, Ascidiae)

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
Eniko KadarThomas H Hutchinson

Abstract

Benzotriazoles (BT) are applied as anticorrosive and de-icing agents and have been detected in a variety of aquatic ecosystems and municipal wastewater effluents. We have assessed the developmental effects of benzotriazole (CAS number 95-14-7) to the marine invertebrate Ciona intestinalis (Chordata, Ascidiae). At 15 +/- 1 degrees C, the 24 h No-Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) and Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) values based on embryo morphological development were 100 and >100 mg L(-1), respectively (nominal concentration under static conditions). After 48 h, the NOEC and LOEC values were 10 and 32 mg L(-1), respectively. Light and electron microscopy studies on benzotriazole-exposed larva indicated that the primary target cells were the extra-embryonic test cells, which are known to play a significant apoptotic role during ascidian metamorphosis. The visible decline of test cells in benzotriazole-exposed larvae raises the possibility that the compound interferes with the regulation of embryo development in protochordates such as C. intestinalis. Further research is warranted to assess the potential longer term sublethal impacts of benzotriazole in aquatic organisms.

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Citations

Oct 19, 2013·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Bastian HerzogElisabeth Müller
Jun 20, 2013·Journal of Contaminant Hydrology·You-Sheng LiuRai S Kookana
Dec 19, 2012·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Walter Vetter, Joachim Lorenz
Apr 24, 2012·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·He TangtianRudolf S S Wu
Nov 20, 2015·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Fanxing ZengNiels C Bols
Feb 15, 2019·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Tang-Tian HeWen-Hua Liu
Jun 27, 2019·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Xiang TuYonghui Song
Apr 13, 2011·Environmental Science & Technology·Zifeng ZhangKurunthachalam Kannan
Apr 29, 2011·Environmental Science & Technology·Hussein JannaJohn P Sumpter
Feb 5, 2011·Environmental Science & Technology·Eniko KadarSherain N Al-Subiai

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