Developmental transitions in electrical activation patterns in chick embryonic heart

The Anatomical Record. Part A, Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology
David SedmeraRobert P Thompson

Abstract

The specialized conduction tissue network mediates coordinated propagation of electrical activity through the adult vertebrate heart. Following activation of the atria, the activation wave is slowed down in the atrioventricular canal or node, then spreads rapidly into the left and right ventricles via the His-Purkinje system (HPS). This results in the ventricle being activated from the apex toward the base and is thought to represent HPS function. The development of mature HPS function in embryogenesis follows significant phases of cardiac morphogenesis. Initially, cardiac impulse propagates in a slow, linear, and isotropic fashion from the sinus venosus at the most caudal portion of the tubular heart. Although the speed of impulse propagation gradually increases, ventricular activation in the looped heart still follows the direction of blood flow. Eventually, the immature base-to-apex sequence of ventricular activation undergoes an apparent reversal, maturing to apex-to-base pattern. The embryonic chick heart has been studied intensively by both electrophysiological and morphological techniques, and the morphology of its conduction system (which is similar to mammals) is well characterized. One interesting but seldom studied f...Continue Reading

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Related Papers

Microscopy and Microanalysis : the Official Journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada
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