Dexmedetomidine as a Rapid Bolus for Treatment and Prophylactic Prevention of Emergence Agitation in Anesthetized Children

Anesthesia and Analgesia
John A HauberMichael C Young

Abstract

Administration of dexmedetomidine (DEX) in the pediatric population for its sedative, analgesic, and anxiolytic properties has been widely reported, despite there being no label indication approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for pediatric patients. Infusions of DEX, rather than bolus administration, are recommended to attenuate the hemodynamic response caused by the α2-adrenoreceptor agonist. In this prospective, double-blind, randomized study, we examined the effect of rapid IV bolus injection of DEX on emergence agitation and the hemodynamic response in a large sample of children undergoing tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy, with or without myringotomy, and/or tympanostomy tube insertion. Four hundred patients, aged 4 to 10 years, undergoing tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy, with or without myringotomy, and/or tympanostomy tube insertion, were randomized at a 1:1 ratio into 1 of the 2 treatment groups in a double-blinded fashion. After a standardized anesthetic regimen and approximately 5 minutes before the end of surgery, patients in group DEX were administered a rapid IV bolus of 4 μg·mL DEX at a dose of 0.5 μg·kg, whereas patients in group saline received a rapid IV bolus of equivalent vo...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 29, 2017·Paediatric Drugs·Christopher HuettRichard K Ellerkmann
May 26, 2017·Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology·Cedric E Sottas, Brian J Anderson
Dec 12, 2017·Korean journal of anesthesiology·Priyanka SuranaBharati A Tendolkar
Jan 18, 2018·Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a Journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies·Brittany L ShutesJoseph D Tobias
Oct 22, 2016·Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology·Teeda PinyavatCaleb Ing
Mar 2, 2016·Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology·Mohamed Mahmoud, Keira P Mason
Oct 19, 2016·Clinical Autonomic Research : Official Journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society·Ryan C DillonHoracio Kaufmann
Aug 13, 2017·Current Psychiatry Reports·Nasuh MalasSusan Turkel
Aug 28, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Mohamed MahmoudKeira P Mason
Nov 20, 2019·Anesthesia and Analgesia·Amanda M Kleiman, Ken B Johnson
Mar 19, 2021·Neonatal Network : NN·Caren Liviskie, Christopher McPherson
Oct 4, 2020·European Journal of Anaesthesiology·Keira P MasonVictor L Fox
May 30, 2021·Revista española de anestesiología y reanimación·R Eizaga RebollarL M Torres Morera
Sep 27, 2021·European Archives of Oto-rhino-laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·Maryam HatamiSedighe Vaziribozorg
Mar 16, 2021·European Journal of Anaesthesiology·Maria-Alexandra PetreKazuyoshi Aoyama

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