Diabetes and retinal vascular disorders: role of the renin-angiotensin system

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine
Jennifer L Wilkinson-Berka

Abstract

Angiotensin II, the effector peptide of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), has potent growth factor properties in a variety of organs. In the retina, a complete RAS exists, with components residing in the vasculature, neurons and glia. There is increasing interest in a pathogenetic role for angiotensin II in ischaemic retinopathies such as diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity. In these situations, the retinal RAS becomes activated and stimulates growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor, which contribute to vascular leakage, pericyte migration, angiogenesis and fibrosis. Blockade of the RAS, with either angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or antagonists selective for angiotensin type 1 (AT1) and angiotensin type 2 (AT2) receptors, attenuates many of the vascular abnormalities that develop in diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity. Eagerly awaited are the findings of the Diabetic Retinopathy Candesartan Trial (DIRECT), evaluating the effects of AT1 receptor antagonism in patients with different stages of diabetic retinopathy. This review examines the role of the RAS in diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity, and the potential of RAS blockade as a treatment stra...Continue Reading

Citations

Sep 19, 2009·Documenta Ophthalmologica. Advances in Ophthalmology·Erica L FletcherJennifer L Wilkinson-Berka
Dec 7, 2011·Experimental Diabetes Research·Yoko OzawaKazuo Tsubota
Aug 26, 2014·Neurobiology of Disease·R P HulseL F Donaldson
Dec 18, 2015·Experimental Eye Research·Sayon RoySumon Roy
Sep 30, 2016·PloS One·Rita de Cassia BianchiGuilherme Mourão
Aug 21, 2015·Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista Brasleira De Biologia·M B Vecchi, M A S Alves
Sep 23, 2008·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·Emma S JonesRobert E Widdop
May 9, 2015·PloS One·Caroline LeuchtenbergerGuilherme Mourão
Sep 25, 2014·Western Journal of Nursing Research·Li-Qin XieJun Zhou
Oct 27, 2007·Current Eye Research·Jin-Zhong ZhangTimothy S Kern
Apr 6, 2016·Current Opinion in Ophthalmology·Barbara LorberKeith R Martin
Mar 17, 2017·Diabetes & Vascular Disease Research : Official Journal of the International Society of Diabetes and Vascular Disease·Nimish K AcharyaRobert G Nagele
Oct 18, 2019·Experimental Eye Research·Nadine ReichhartOlaf Strauß
Jul 22, 2021·European Journal of Ophthalmology·Meng LiJin Yuan

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Arterial-Venous in Development & Disease

Arterial-venous development may play a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases. Here is the latest research.

Antihypertensive Agents: Mechanisms of Action

Antihypertensive drugs are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) which aims to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Discover the latest research on antihypertensive drugs and their mechanism of action here.

Blood Brain Barrier

The blood brain barrier is a border that separates blood from cerebrospinal fluid. Discover the latest search on this highly selective semipermeable membrane here.

Related Papers

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Anne Katrin Sjølie
The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
Jennifer L Wilkinson-Berka
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved