Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Impact of Biological Sex on Disease Development and Molecular Signatures

Frontiers in Physiology
Ryan ToedebuschLakshmi Pulakat

Abstract

Diabetic cardiomyopathy refers to a unique set of heart-specific pathological variables induced by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Given that cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world, and type 2 diabetes incidence continues to rise, understanding the complex interplay between these two morbidities and developing novel therapeutic strategies is vital. Two hallmark characteristics specific to diabetic cardiomyopathy are diastolic dysfunction and cardiac structural mal-adaptations, arising from cardiac cellular responses to the complex toxicity induced by hyperglycemia with or without hyperinsulinemia. While type 2 diabetes is more prevalent in men compared to women, cardiovascular risk is higher in diabetic women than in diabetic men, suggesting that diabetic women take a steeper path to cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Accumulating evidence from randomized clinical trials indicate that although pre-menopausal women have lower risk of CVDs, compared to age-matched men, this advantage is lost in diabetic pre-menopausal women, which suggests estrogen availability does not protect from increased cardiovascular risk. Notably, few human studies have assessed molecular and cellular mechanisms regar...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 1, 2019·Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine·Leilei YinXinhua Yin
Jul 10, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Tiziana FilardiClara Crescioli
Jul 3, 2019·Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research·Yu ZhangYangxin Li
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May 1, 2019·Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease·Jennifer L RodgersSiva K Panguluri
Nov 15, 2018·Frontiers in Physiology·Giulia BorghettiMarkus Wallner
Jul 28, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Dina KhedrNoha Musa
Feb 4, 2021·Medicinal Research Reviews·Xiang WangLu Cai
Apr 24, 2021·Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine·Sucharitha ChadalavadaSteffen E Petersen
Jun 15, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·Natacha FournyLuc Bertrand
Jun 9, 2021·The American Journal of Pathology·Monica De PaoliGeoff H Werstuck
Sep 18, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Paras Kumar Mishra

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
coronary artery bypass
hormone replacement therapy

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