Diagnosis and Management of Anxiety Disorders

Continuum : Lifelong Learning in Neurology
Peter Giacobbe, Alastair Flint

Abstract

This article provides a synopsis of the current understanding of the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders, the biological and environmental risk factors that contribute to their development and maintenance, a review of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria, and a practical approach to the treatment of anxiety disorders in adults. Despite the ubiquity of anxiety, the evidence is that most individuals with an anxiety disorder are not identified and do not receive guideline-level care. In part, this may be because of the manifold clinical presentations of anxiety disorders and clinicians' lack of confidence in accurately diagnosing and treating these conditions, especially in nonpsychiatric settings. Anxiety disorders represent the complex interplay between biological, psychological, temperamental, and environmental factors. Converging lines of evidence point to dysfunction in regulating activity in the "threat circuit" in the brain as a putative common pathophysiology underlying anxiety disorders. Evidence-based treatments for anxiety disorders, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and antidepressant medications, have been shown to regulate activity in this circuit, w...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 11, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Eunsoo Won, Yong-Ku Kim
Feb 10, 2021·Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets·Ranjana BhandariAnurag Kuhad

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