Diagnosis and management of pulmonary infection due to Rhodococcus equi

Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
W V LinD M Musher

Abstract

Rhodococcus equi is a recognized cause of disease in humans, especially in individuals who are immunocompromised. Because diphtheroids are regarded as part of normal respiratory flora, the importance of R. equi as a pulmonary pathogen may not be fully appreciated and its prevalence may be underestimated. Most treatment recommendations for R. equi infection were established before antiretroviral drugs became available for human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS therapy, and therapeutic strategies may need to be updated. To review the role of R. equi as a cause of pulmonary infection; to highlight its importance for clinicians and microbiologists; and to challenge current approaches to treatment, whether in immunodeficient or immunocompetent individuals. A PubMed search using combinations of the following terms: 'Rhodococcus (automatically including Corynebacterium) equi' AND 'pneumonia' OR 'pulmonary' infection, then cross-checking references in the resulting cases, case series and reviews. We provide a review that details the challenges in the diagnosis, microbiology and pathogenesis of pulmonary infection caused by R. equi and the options for treatment. Ten to 14 days of treatment may be effective for pneumonia due to R. equi. Our r...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 7, 2019·AIDS·Diana CanettiMonica Guffanti
Oct 28, 2020·Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine·Lorena van den BogaartOriol Manuel
Apr 16, 2021·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·Elisa RampacciFabrizio Passamonti

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