Diagnosis and prognosis of fetal cardiomyopathies: a review

Current Pharmaceutical Design
Maurizio MongiovìSalvatore Pipitone

Abstract

Cardiomyopathies (CM) are a very rare disease in fetuses with a very poor outcome. Only isolated case reports and small case series were reported. According with published studies we will describe the fetal CM starting from their echocardiographic presentation: dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with dilatation of either or both ventricles and impaired ventricular function, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with different degree of disproportionate hypertrophy of the myocardial walls. The term of the "noncompaction" of the left ventricular myocardium, is used in cases with DCM with evidence of numerous prominent trabeculations with deep myocardial recesses. In series of neonates and infant the CM occur in about 2-7%, but probably during the fetal life the prevalence is higher: 6% - 11%. The high intrauterine loss, occurring in one third of affected fetuses, likely accounts for these differences. Fetal echocardiography, B and M-mode, is the main diagnostic tool and it is useful for the therapeutic orientation and to determine the neonatal outcome. A haemodynamic evaluation can be performed by Doppler mode. Systolic and diastolic fetal cardiac function have become part of the routine evaluation of the fetal heart. Cardiomyopathies ...Continue Reading

Citations

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Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle, that can lead to muscular or electrical dysfunction of the heart. It is often an irreversible disease that is associated with a poor prognosis. There are different causes and classifications of cardiomyopathies. Here are the latest discoveries pertaining to this disease.

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