Diagnosis of anatoxin-a poisoning in dogs from North America

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc
Birgit PuschnerElizabeth R Tor

Abstract

Anatoxin-a, a toxin produced by several genera of blue-green algae, is considered a potent neurotoxin. Ingestion of water contaminated with the toxin results in acute neurological signs and often death. This report describes fatal cases of anatoxin-a ingestion in 6 dogs, with confirmation of anatoxin-a exposure by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS/MS). In 1 outbreak, 3 dogs developed seizures and died within an hour after swimming in a river in California, while the other outbreak involved 3 dogs that died within 1 hour after swimming in a pond in Ontario. Anatoxin-a poisoning is rarely reported in dogs as a cause of acute neurological signs and death. However, increased occurrences of blue-green algae blooms in North America make this neurotoxin an important consideration in the diagnosis of sudden death associated with environmental water exposure. This brief communication reports on the isolation and detection of anatoxin-a from environmental water sources and the stomach contents of North American dogs dying of acute neurotoxicosis. This demonstrates the first documented cases of anatoxin-a poisoning in dogs in North America and the importance of LC-MS/MS/MS in identifying neurotoxins responsible for ...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Mar 16, 2013·Toxins·Miquel Lürling, Elisabeth J Faassen
Oct 24, 2015·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Paul B FayadSébastien Sauvé
Oct 20, 2010·Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care·Birgit PuschnerElizabeth R Tor
May 2, 2015·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Christie HollingdaleMichael A Quilliam
Apr 27, 2012·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Elisabeth J FaassenMiquel Lurling
May 8, 2013·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Joana OsswaldLúcia Guilhermino
Apr 22, 2017·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Birgit PuschnerChris Wong
Jul 28, 2019·Archives of Toxicology·Zorica SvirčevGeoffrey A Codd
Oct 19, 2020·The Science of the Total Environment·Michal AdamskiJan Bialczyk
May 11, 2018·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Amanda J FossMark T Aubel
May 27, 2010·Analytical Chemistry·Susan D Richardson
Jul 7, 2021·Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·Eileen M Wolfe

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ELISA

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