Abstract
Care practices and risk factors for diarrhea among impoverished communities across Mesoamerica are unknown. Using Salud Mesoamérica Initiative baseline data, collected 2011-2013, we assessed the prevalence of diarrhea, adherence to evidence-based treatment guidelines, and potential diarrhea correlates in poor and indigenous communities across Mesoamerica. This study surveyed 14,500 children under 5 years of age in poor areas of El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico (Chiapas State), Nicaragua, and Panama. We compared diarrhea prevalence and treatment modalities using χ(2) tests and used multivariable Poisson regression models to calculate adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for potential correlates of diarrhea. The 2-week point prevalence of diarrhea was 13% overall, with significant differences between countries (P < 0.05). Approximately one-third of diarrheal children were given oral rehydration solution and less than 3% were given zinc. Approximately 18% were given much less to drink than usual or nothing to drink at all. Antimotility medication was given to 17% of diarrheal children, while antibiotics were inappropriately given to 36%. In a multivariable regression model, compared with children 0-5 months...Continue Reading
References
Dec 1, 1991·International Journal of Epidemiology·J T BoermaG T Bicego
Apr 1, 1991·The Journal of Pediatrics·M Santosham, W B Greenough
Sep 1, 1989·International Journal of Epidemiology·N AlamM M Rahaman
Jun 1, 1993·Social Science & Medicine·G D SmithP Sandiford
Dec 10, 1999·The Journal of Pediatrics·Z A BhuttaA Shankar
Mar 23, 2004·American Journal of Epidemiology·Guangyong Zou
May 1, 2004·American Journal of Public Health·Adam WagstaffUNKNOWN WHO-World Bank Child Health and Poverty Working Group
Oct 27, 2004·The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal·F Raúl VelázquezPablo Kuri
Jun 5, 2007·Pediatrics·Rakesh AggarwalMark A Miller
Feb 5, 2008·Pediatrics·Marek LukacikJacob V Aranda
Dec 6, 2008·International Journal of Epidemiology·Karen LevyJoseph N S Eisenberg
Oct 14, 2009·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Lucia Helena de OliveiraUNKNOWN Rotavirus Surveillance Network
Apr 2, 2010·International Journal of Epidemiology·Melinda K MunosRobert E Black
Jul 9, 2010·Lancet·Mathuram SantoshamRobert Black
Oct 1, 2010·The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal·Sylvia Becker-DrepsFélix Espinoza
Jan 12, 2011·The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal·Yadira MoltoMargaret M Cortese
Dec 19, 2012·Lancet·Christopher J L MurrayZiad A Memish
May 15, 2013·PLoS Medicine·Christa L Fischer WalkerRobert E Black
Feb 17, 2015·Population Health Metrics·Ali H MokdadFerdinando Regalia