Diesel exhaust exposure and lung cancer risk

Experimental Pathology
Paolo BoffettaE L Wynder

Abstract

The association between lung cancer and occupations with probable exposure to diesel exhaust has been examined in several studies in the past with inconclusive results. We report a case-control study among 2,584 cases and 5,099 hospital controls. The crude odds ratio for probable exposure was 1.31 (95% Cl 1.09, 1.57), but adjustment for smoking and other confounders reduced the estimate to 0.95 (95% Cl 0.78, 1.16). Similar results were observed for truck drivers, the only occupational category large enough for separate analysis. Data on self-reported exposure for a subset of 477 cases and 946 controls revealed a crude odds ratio of 1.45 (95% Cl 0.93, 2.27) which was reduced to 1.21 (95% Cl 0.78, 2.02) after controlling for smoking and other confounders. A duration-response relationship was suggested (P less than 0.12) only for self-reported exposure. Cigarette smoking was the predominant confounder in the analysis. Problems arising from biases and confounding in the present and in other previously published reports on the association between diesel exhaust exposure and lung cancer risk are discussed, and a review on the evidence of human carcinogenicity of diesel exhaust exposure is presented.

References

Dec 1, 1977·Cancer Research·E L Wynder, S D Stellman
Jan 1, 1990·American Journal of Industrial Medicine·P BoffettaE L Wynder
Jan 1, 1986·American Journal of Industrial Medicine·K Steenland
Sep 1, 1987·American Journal of Epidemiology·D A Grayson
Jun 1, 1984·Environmental Research·N E Hall, E L Wynder
Mar 1, 1984·Preventive Medicine·I T Higgins

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Citations

Jan 1, 1989·Experimental Pathology·N Metz
Sep 1, 1995·Environmental Health Perspectives·J E Muscat, E L Wynder
Jul 8, 1999·American Journal of Public Health·M Lipsett, S Campleman
Feb 1, 1995·American Journal of Industrial Medicine·J E MuscatE L Wynder
Jun 5, 2012·Critical Reviews in Toxicology·John F GamblePaolo Boffetta
Jan 1, 1996·International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health·W Stöber, U R Abel

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