Diet and exercise in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Nature Reviews. Endocrinology
Faidon MagkosA Astrup

Abstract

Evidence from observational studies and randomized trials suggests that prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can develop in genetically susceptible individuals in parallel with weight (that is, fat) gain. Accordingly, studies show that weight loss can produce remission of T2DM in a dose-dependent manner. A weight loss of ~15 kg, achieved by calorie restriction as part of an intensive management programme, can lead to remission of T2DM in ~80% of patients with obesity and T2DM. However, long-term weight loss maintenance is challenging. Obesity and T2DM are associated with diminished glucose uptake in the brain that impairs the satiating effect of dietary carbohydrate; therefore, carbohydrate restriction might help maintain weight loss and maximize metabolic benefits. Likewise, increases in physical activity and fitness are an important contributor to T2DM remission when combined with calorie restriction and weight loss. Preliminary studies suggest that a precision dietary management approach that uses pretreatment glycaemic status to stratify patients can help optimize dietary recommendations with respect to carbohydrate, fat and dietary fibre. This approach might lead to improved weight loss maintenance and glycaemic...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 1, 2021·European Journal of Internal Medicine·C AgostoniA Astrup
Oct 8, 2020·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Peishan QiuJing Liu
Apr 30, 2021·Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry·Dan LiuBing Cao
May 1, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Kai YangPeilong Sun
Apr 23, 2021·Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care·Marleen A van Baak
Jun 2, 2021·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Fang-Jun LinRen-You Gan
Jun 23, 2021·Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·Douglas Maya-MilesManuel Romero-Gómez
Jul 3, 2021·Cells·Rajakrishnan Veluthakal, Debbie C Thurmond
Sep 17, 2021·Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome·Freddy G Eliaschewitz, Luis Henrique Canani
Sep 24, 2021·Metabolomics : Official Journal of the Metabolomic Society·Laurence D ParnellChao-Qiang Lai

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
gastric bypass

Software Mentioned

DiRECT
SHOPUS

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