Diet, Environments, and Gut Microbiota. A Preliminary Investigation in Children Living in Rural and Urban Burkina Faso and Italy

Frontiers in Microbiology
Carlotta De FilippoPaolo Lionetti

Abstract

Diet is one of the main factors that affects the composition of gut microbiota. When people move from a rural environment to urban areas, and experience improved socio-economic conditions, they are often exposed to a "globalized" Western type diet. Here, we present preliminary observations on the metagenomic scale of microbial changes in small groups of African children belonging to the same ethnicity and living in different environments, compared to children living on the urban area of Florence (Italy). We analyzed dietary habits and, by pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, gut microbiota profiles from fecal samples of children living in a rural village of Burkina Faso (n = 11), of two groups of children living in different urban settings (Nanoro town, n = 8; Ouagadougou, the capital city, n = 5) and of a group of Italian children (n = 13). We observed that when foods of animal origin, those rich in fat and simple sugars are introduced into a traditional African diet, composed of cereals, legumes and vegetables, the gut microbiota profiles changes. Microbiota of rural children retain a geographically unique bacterial reservoir (Prevotella, Treponema, and Succinivibrio), assigned to ferment fiber and polysaccharides from vegeta...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PRJEB19895

Methods Mentioned

BETA
cesarean
PCR
Phyloseq
deamination

Software Mentioned

FastStart
PICRUSt ( Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconst...
MICCA
sff
PICRUSt
RDP
PICRUSt ( Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities Reconstruc...
R package vegan
LEfSe
Basic Local Alignment Search Tool nucleotide ( BLASTn )

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