Diet in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Interaction with Gut Microbiota and Gut Hormones

Nutrients
Magdy El-SalhyT Hausken

Abstract

Diet plays an important role not only in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but also as a tool that improves symptoms and quality of life. The effects of diet seem to be a result of an interaction with the gut bacteria and the gut endocrine cells. The density of gut endocrine cells is low in IBS patients, and it is believed that this abnormality is the direct cause of the symptoms seen in IBS patients. The low density of gut endocrine cells is probably caused by a low number of stem cells and low differentiation progeny toward endocrine cells. A low fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharide, and polyol (FODMAP) diet and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) restore the gut endocrine cells to the level of healthy subjects. It has been suggested that our diet acts as a prebiotic that favors the growth of a certain types of bacteria. Diet also acts as a substrate for gut bacteria fermentation, which results in several by-products. These by-products might act on the stem cells in such a way that the gut stem cells decrease, and consequently, endocrine cell numbers decrease. Changing to a low-FODMAP diet or changing the gut bacteria through FMT improves IBS symptoms and restores the density of endocrine cells.

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Citations

Sep 10, 2020·Nutrients·Antonio CorselloAlessandro Armuzzi
Nov 2, 2019·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Sharmila Fagoonee, Rinaldo Pellicano
Apr 21, 2020·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Magdy El-Salhy
Sep 19, 2020·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·Magdy El-SalhyJan Gunnar Hatlebakk
Dec 18, 2020·Current Opinion in Gastroenterology·Teodora Surdea-BlagaDan Lucian Dumitraşcu
Dec 5, 2020·BioMed Research International·Kai ZhanShaogang Huang
Jan 13, 2021·Journal of Personalized Medicine·Zahra A BarandouziXiaomei S Cong
Mar 6, 2021·Indian Journal of Gastroenterology : Official Journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology·Magdy El-SalhySutep Gonlachanvit
May 7, 2021·Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity : Targets and Therapy·Ting WeiWenhui Wu
Jun 8, 2021·Advances in Medical Sciences·Dagmara WoźniakSławomira Drzymała-Czyż
Jun 6, 2021·Revista de gastroenterología de México·A T Abreu Y AbreuR Vázquez-Frias
Jun 20, 2021·Revista De Gastroenterología De México·A T Abreu Y AbreuR Vázquez-Frias
Jun 26, 2021·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Magdy El-SalhySutep Gonlachanvit
Jun 26, 2021·New Microbes and New Infections·P ThomsonC Bay
Jul 9, 2021·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·Magdy El-SalhyJan Gunnar Hatlebakk

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