Dietary carbohydrate rather than protein intake drives colonic microbial fermentation during weight loss

European Journal of Nutrition
S W GratzW R Russell

Abstract

High protein weight loss diets are effective in aiding body weight management. However, high protein and low carbohydrate intakes can alter colonic fermentation profiles in humans and may impact on colonic health. This study aims to identify the most important dietary contributors to colonic fermentation during diet-controlled weight loss. Overweight or obese male volunteers (n = 18) consumed a body weight maintenance diet (fed at 1.5× basic metabolic rate, BMR) followed by three weight loss diets (fed at 1× BMR) for 10 days each in a cross-over design. Weight loss diets were designed as normal protein (NPWL, 15% of energy from protein, 55% from carbohydrate), normal protein enriched with free amino acids and moderate amounts of carbohydrate (NPAAWL, 15% of energy from protein, 15% from free AA, 40% from carbohydrate) or high protein containing moderate amounts of carbohydrate (HPWL, 30% of energy from protein, 40% from carbohydrate). Faecal samples collected at the end of each diet period were profiled for dietary metabolites using LC-MS/MS. This study shows that the NPWL diet only induced very minor changes in the faecal metabolome, whereas NPAAWL and HPWL diets decreased carbohydrate-related metabolites (butyrate, ferulic ac...Continue Reading

References

Sep 27, 2005·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Wendy R RussellGarry G Duthie
Mar 11, 2011·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Wendy R RussellHarry J Flint
Apr 8, 2011·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Roberto Berni CananiAntonio Calignano
Jul 26, 2011·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·Wendy Russell, Garry Duthie
Oct 22, 2011·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Henrike M HamerKristin Verbeke
Mar 9, 2012·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·Alexandra M Johnstone
Jul 27, 2012·The Journal of Nutrition·Grietje HoltropSilvia W Gratz
Nov 14, 2012·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Karen P ScottSylvia H Duncan
Jan 26, 2013·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Wendy R RussellHarry J Flint
Dec 18, 2013·Nature·Lawrence A DavidPeter J Turnbaugh
Oct 1, 2014·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·Harry J FlintPetra Louis
Oct 31, 2015·The Lancet Oncology·Véronique BouvardUNKNOWN International Agency for Research on Cancer Monograph Working Group
Jul 1, 2016·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Madalina NeacsuWendy R Russell

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Oct 25, 2020·Nutrients·Tien S DongJonathan P Jacobs
Jun 18, 2021·Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care·Sarah K KirschnerMariëlle P K J Engelen

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Software Mentioned

WinDiets Nutritional Analysis Software Suite
Genstat

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.